How is "250,000 packets per second" implemented in the HA VPN?

Google Cloud Compute Infrastructure
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  1. 1 HA VPN gateway + 1 HA VPN gateway ?

  2. 1 HA VPN gateway + 1 Customer managed VPN gateway ?

  3. 1 HA VPN have 2 tunnels ? 1 tunnel can implement ?

I think HA VPN topologies to increase bandwidth](HA VPN topologies to increase bandwidth  |  Google Cloud)) is very confused to me.

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Hi @anlex_N great question! Let me clarify how the “250,000 packets per second (pps)” throughput limit works in Google Cloud HA VPN.

:white_check_mark: Key Points:
The 250,000 pps limit applies per tunnel.

Each HA VPN Gateway can support two tunnels per external peer (one per region) when configured in high-availability mode.

You can scale bandwidth and packet throughput by adding more tunnels and using Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) routing.

To directly answer your options:
1 HA VPN Gateway + 1 HA VPN Gateway:
Yes, you can connect multiple HA VPN gateways together, and each tunnel between them would individually support up to 250,000 pps.
If you use ECMP, you can scale throughput across all tunnels.

1 HA VPN Gateway + 1 Customer-Managed VPN Gateway:
Yes, this is a common hybrid topology. Each tunnel between your HA VPN and your customer-managed VPN would still have the 250,000 pps per tunnel limit.
You can increase this by adding more tunnels and enabling ECMP.

1 HA VPN Has 2 Tunnels:
Correct. An HA VPN gateway typically has two tunnels (one per interface) for high availability.
Each tunnel independently supports up to 250,000 pps.
So, if both tunnels are active and using ECMP, your effective limit doubles to 500,000 pps.

Summary:
Topology Max Packet Rate
1 tunnel 250,000 pps
2 tunnels (HA VPN standard) 500,000 pps (if ECMP used)
3 Multi-Gateway + Multi-Tunnel + ECMP Scales beyond 500,000 pps

For higher bandwidth needs, Google recommends:

Using multiple tunnels per gateway

Enabling ECMP routing to load balance traffic across tunnels

Considering Dedicated Interconnect if VPN limits are insufficient.

Thanks,
GCP Consultant
Darwin Vinoth.
Linkedin

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