In general, this is a MySQL client-side error code. The possible causes for this error are:
MySQL Server not running, or
Firewall configuration on the Windows server blocking access on port 3306
=> To troubleshoot the given error message, please follow the below mentioned steps:
Verify MySQL server is running and use the ping command to check the client-server connectivity. For Example: ping server_ip_address
To connect to a Cloud SQL instance using private IP, the Cloud SQL Auth proxy must be on a resource with access to the same VPC network as the instance.[1]
When you start the Cloud SQL Auth proxy, to ensure it is using the private IP, please make sure to pass the flag:
-ip_address_types=PRIVATE
Also,verify the firewall configuration and make sure the port 3306 is not blocked.
You can also view the mysql config file[2] and check if there is a bind-address relevant to it. If there is a bind-address, comment it out using the # character.