It is possible to write some simple mocks using a Javascript callout, however if you have conditional logic or many responses, it would be better to use a library like apimocker in Hosted Targets.
Here is an example of a JavaScript policy that you could attach to the ProxyEndpoint Response PreFlow in an API Proxy with no target.
var verb = context.getVariable("request.verb");
var path = context.getVariable("proxy.pathsuffix")
if(verb.toLowerCase() === "get" && path.toLowerCase() === "/dogs") {
context.setVariable("response.content", JSON.stringify({
dogs: [
{
name: "fluffy"
}
]
}))
}